ABSTRACT
The chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume of the family Fabaceae sub family Papilionoideae. Its different types are variously known as gram or Bengal gram, Garbanzo or Garbanzo bean, or Egyptian pea. Chickpea seeds are high in protein. The lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei is described as a major limiting factor in chickpea. In this taking experiment we have taken 10 treatments i.e. T1 - Compost, T2 - Glomus etunicatium, T3 Rhizobium, T4 - Oil seed cake, T5 - Acaulospora scrobiculata, T6 - Compost + Glomus etunicatium + Acaulospora scrobiculata, T7 - Compost + Rhizobium + Acaulospora scrobiculata, T8 - Oil seed cake + Glomus etunicatium + Acaulospora Scrobiculata, T9 - Oil seed cake + Rhizobium + Acaulospora scrobiculata) and used T0 - Control as a check. We have analyzed it statistically on the basis of observation made in this research. The observations include pot and field experiments having growth parameters [Days flowering initiation, Branches (No.), Shoot length (cm), Flower (no.)]. In this research paper we have compiled the all above information and study the studies of different organic sources on growth of lesion nematode on chickpea
ABSTRACT
All the plants are having medicinal values and thus are used traditionally in many diseasesfrom ancient times. One of such useful plant is Aerva lanata commonly known as “Bhui” which is awoody, prostate or succulent, perennial herb from the Amaranthaceae family, found in open forest onmountains, slopes, disturbed ground and deserted areas(1). The plant has been screened for diuretic,antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity (2) (3). According to the literature referredthe pharmacognostical studies of this plant have not been reported yet, therefore the presentinvestigation is planned to study the pharmacognostical and phytochemical aspects of Aerva lanata. Inthe present research article the pharmacognostical study i.e. morphological, microscopical, chemical &chromatographic analysis of plant Aerva lanata was carried out. This study provides the standardizationparameters important for the characterization & identification of the plant. The information will beuseful for the traditional medicine practitioners & establishing literature regarding the plant.Microscopic studies shows upper epidermis is straight walled, single layered containing trichomesbelow the epidermis collenchyma cellular layers are present which can be characterized by thickcellulosic deposition. Cells contain calcium oxalate crystals (in small amount) and starch. Vascularbundles present in spongy tissues. Physiochemical analysis shows Total ash, Acid insoluble ash, Watersoluble ash, Sulphated ash values as 10.01%, 2.01%, 4.92% and 4.82% respectively. Other parameterslike Alcohol soluble extractive value, Water soluble extractive value, Loss on drying and swelling indexare found to be 20%, 24%, 8% and 6.42%. Fluorescence study and preliminary phytochemical tests arealso performed. Thin layer chromatographic studies showing presence of carbohydrates, steroids,flavonoids and tannins at Rf values of 0.88, 0.86, 0.92 and 0.86 respectively.
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Introduction: The Revised National TB Control Programme(RNTCP), a state-run tuberculosis (TB) control initiative of theGovernment of India, has been very successful inimplementing the DOTS strategy in India. It is based onsputum smear diagnosis and a reliable supply of good qualitydrugs, both provided at no cost to the patient.Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, the data wascollected from 150 eligible patients during the period January2018 to July 2019, from a peripheral DOTS TB centre and 5private medical practitioners representing both private andgovernment clinics. 75 patients enrolled from private medicalpractitioners were not enrolled under RNTCP programme.Result: 150 patients were enrolled in this study. 75 patientswere enrolled in DOTS Programme in a Rural Dots Centrewhile remaining 75 were investigated and treated by privatepractitioners. Both groups of patients were given standardisedCategory 1 regimen. None of the patient had received previousTB treatment.Conclusion: This study concludes that reducing out-of-pocketcosts to patients may increase the access to the poor peopleand thus promoting the universal access of TB care servicesas well.
ABSTRACT
Gingivitis is a reversible and non-destructive form of periodontal disease. Oxidative stress contributes in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases5. The oxidative stress has been implicated as one of the important contributory etiologic factors in many of the oral inflammatory pathologies including gingivitis. This research analyzed the "Total antioxidant capacity" (TAC) of biological fluids including saliva. The present cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of saliva in children with/ without gingivitis and its relation with Age and Gender. For measuring the TAC of saliva: Cayman's Antioxidant Assay Kit was used and Gingival Index Measured through The Gingival Index (Löe and Silness, 1963). The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and making comparisons between cases and control by using SPSS software version 20. In this result, mean TAC of saliva in case children group was found lower 0.203 ± 0.053 compared to control children group was higher 0.236 ± 0.048. While, in male and female children of aged 3-5 years were found antioxidant activity (TAC) lower in compared to control groups. But among males aged 6-13 years it was found that the mean antioxidant capacity of saliva in case group was 0.259 ± 0.040 while in control group it was 0.295 ± 0.026. The TAC of saliva in males was found high compared to female. A weak negative correlation was found between the TAC and gingival index. In conclusion TAC decreases in children with gingivitis compared to healthy children. The gingivitis was more observed in female leading to lower TAC value
ABSTRACT
Background: Identification of the nature of an adnexal mass can ensure optimum management. Single parameters as well as diagnostic models using a combination of several parameters are in use. The International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) consortium has developed and published the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) model, which differentiates between benign and malignant masses. Authors conducted this study with the aim of finding a cut off value for this model in the study population and comparing the diagnostic accuracy of this model to that of the risk of malignancy (RMI).Methods: Women with adnexal masses admitted to the 3 medical college affiliated hospitals for surgical management were included in this study. Appropriate investigations were done to calculate the RMI-I and ADNEX score for each participant. A cut off score for the ADNEX model was determined and diagnostic accuracy tests were done for comparison.Results: At a cut-off of 29 for the ADNEX model and 200 for RMI model the sensitivity was 75% and 77.8, specificity 100% and 80.6%; Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 100%and 60%; Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 91% and 90.6%; Positive Likelihood ratio of infinity and 4 and a negative Likelihood Ratio of 2.8 and 2.5 respectively.Conclusions: The ADNEX model rates higher than the RMI in almost all tests of diagnostic accuracy and can be used for triaging, framing a referral policy and prioritizing surgery.